Adrenal cancer, also known as adrenal cortical carcinoma, often presents subtle or nonspecific symptoms initially, making it challenging to identify early. However, early detection significantly improves treatment options and patient outcomes. This page provides detailed information about the symptoms associated with adrenal cancer to empower you and your loved ones.
Understanding the Symptoms
Symptoms of adrenal cancer typically occur due to two main factors: excess hormone production by adrenal tumors and the physical presence or growth of the tumor itself.
Hormonal Symptoms of Adrenal Cancer
One distinctive aspect of adrenal cancer is the production of excess hormones, causing various symptoms depending on the hormone involved.
Excess Cortisol Production (Cushing’s Syndrome)
Excess cortisol production is among the most common symptoms and may include:
- Rapid weight gain, particularly around the face (moon face) and upper back (buffalo hump).
- High blood sugar levels leading to diabetes.
- Skin changes such as thinning, bruising easily, and slow wound healing.
- Muscle weakness and thinning of arms and legs.
- Mental health changes, including anxiety, depression, and cognitive difficulties.
Excess Aldosterone Production (Conn’s Syndrome)
This condition occurs when adrenal tumors produce excessive aldosterone, leading to:
- Persistent high blood pressure, which may be severe and resistant to treatment. Learn more about high blood pressure and adrenal cancer.
- Low potassium levels causing muscle cramps, weakness, and fatigue.
- Increased thirst and frequent urination.
Excess Sex Hormones
Adrenal tumors sometimes produce elevated levels of androgens or estrogens, causing noticeable hormonal changes:
- In women: Excess facial hair growth, irregular menstrual periods, and voice deepening.
- In men: Enlargement or tenderness of breast tissue, erectile dysfunction, and decreased libido.
- In children: Premature puberty, rapid growth, and development of secondary sexual characteristics.
Physical Symptoms Caused by Tumor Growth
As the tumor grows, symptoms caused by its physical presence may emerge:
- Pain or discomfort in the abdomen or lower back area.
- A noticeable mass or swelling in the abdomen.
- Feeling full after eating very little or experiencing persistent bloating.
- Unexplained weight loss, despite normal eating habits.
Less Common Symptoms and Complications
Some patients might experience less common symptoms or complications, which can include:
- Sudden onset or persistent nausea and vomiting.
- Difficulty breathing if the tumor presses on the diaphragm.
- Blood clots and related complications, particularly in advanced stages.
- Symptoms of metastasis, such as bone pain, liver enlargement, or lymph node swelling.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you notice persistent symptoms described above, especially hormonal or unexplained physical changes, it’s essential to seek immediate medical consultation. Early evaluation increases the effectiveness of potential treatments and greatly improves overall prognosis.
Importance of Regular Screening
Due to the rarity and aggressive nature of adrenal cancer, regular screenings are recommended for individuals with genetic conditions or family histories linked to endocrine cancers. Screening methods include hormone level tests, imaging studies, and regular medical evaluations.
All Seniors Foundation: Your Partner in Health
At All Seniors Foundation, our compassionate healthcare team understands the emotional and physical impact of adrenal cancer. We provide comprehensive support, expert guidance, and personalized treatment plans tailored specifically to seniors’ unique needs.
Next Steps: Schedule Your Screening
Don’t wait for symptoms to worsen. If you’re experiencing concerns or have risk factors, act now. Our experts are ready to help you understand your symptoms, provide diagnostic support, and guide you towards effective treatment strategies. Learn more about muscle weakness and fatigue, back pain, or loss of appetite related to adrenal cancer.
